79 research outputs found
Modulation of CAT-2B-Mediated l-Arginine Uptake and Nitric Oxide Biosynthesis in HCT116 Cell Line Through Biological Activity of 40-Geranyloxyferulic Acid Extract from Quinoa Seeds
Chenopodium quinoa Wild is a âpseudocerealâ grain which attracts a lot of attention in
the scientific community as it has a positive effect on health. Here, we investigate the presence of
biologically active O-prenylated phenylpropanoids in the ethanol extract of commercially available
quinoa seeds. We claim that 40-Geranyloxyferulic acid (GOFA) was the only phytochemical product
found that belongs to quinoaâs group secondary metabolites. We studied the changes in the oxidative
and inflammatory status of the cellular environment in HCT 116 cell line processed with quinoa extract
and its component GOFA; the implementation was done through the analysis of the antioxidant
enzymes (SOD and CAT), the pro-inflammatory components (iNOS, IL-6 and TNF-a), and the
products of intermediary metabolism (ONOO-, O2
-). Moreover, the l-arginine uptake was proposed
as a target of the tested compounds. We demonstrated that the GOFA, through a decrease of the
CAT-2B expression, leads to a reduction of the l-arginine uptake, downregulating the harmful iNOS
and restoring the altered redox state. These results propose a new molecular target involved in the
reduction of the critical inflammatory process responsible for the cancer progression
Histoire des sociétés européennes, XIXe-XXe siÚcles. Liens, réseaux, configurations
Maurizio Gribaudi, HervĂ© Le Bras (*), directeurs dâĂ©tudesLuciano Boi, maĂźtre de confĂ©rencesPatrice Ceccarini, professeur Ă lâENSA Paris-Val de SeineSara Franceschelli, maĂźtre de confĂ©rences Ă lâENS-Lyon Morphologie : des sciences sociales aux sciences du vivant et Ă lâarchitecture Ă lâintersection des sciences sociales, de la biologie, des mathĂ©matiques, de lâhistoire et de lâarchitecture, le sĂ©minaire a continuĂ© Ă recevoir des chercheurs de ces disciplines dans lâintention de constituer un c..
Hydroxytyrosol Reduces Foam Cell Formation and Endothelial Inflammation Regulating the PPARγ/LXRα/ABCA1 Pathway.
Cholesterol accumulation in macrophages leads to the formation of foam cells and increases the risk of developing atherosclerosis. We have verified whether hydroxytyrosol (HT), a phenolic compound with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, can reduce the cholesterol build up in THP-1 macrophage-derived foam cells. We have also investigated the potential mechanisms. Oil Red O staining and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) assays were utilized to detect cellular lipid accumulation and cholesterol content, respectively, in THP-1 macrophages foam cells treated with HT. The impact of HT on cholesterol metabolism-related molecules (SR-A1, CD36, LOX-1, ABCA1, ABCG1, PPARγ and LRX-α) in foam cells was assessed using real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) and Western blot analyses. Finally, the effect of HT on the adhesion of THP-1 monocytes to human vascular endothelial cells (HUVEC) was analyzed to study endothelial activation. We found that HT activates the PPARγ/LXRα pathway to upregulate ABCA1 expression, reducing cholesterol accumulation in foam cells. Moreover, HT significantly inhibited monocyte adhesion and reduced the levels of adhesion factors (ICAM-1 and VCAM-1) and pro-inflammatory factors (IL-6 and TNF-α) in LPS-induced endothelial cells. Taken together, our findings suggest that HT, with its ability to interfere with the import and export of cholesterol, could represent a new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of atherosclerotic disease
Biological Effect of Licochalcone C on the Regulation of PI3K/Akt/eNOS and NF-ÎșB/iNOS/NO Signaling Pathways in H9c2 Cells in Response to LPS Stimulation
Polyphenols compounds are a group molecules present in many plants. They have antioxidant properties and can also be helpful in the management of sepsis. Licochalcone C (LicoC), a constituent of Glycyrrhiza glabra, has various biological and pharmacological properties. In saying this, the effect of LicoC on the inflammatory response that characterizes septic myocardial dysfunction is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to determine whether LicoC exhibits anti-inflammatory properties on H9c2 cells that are stimulated with lipopolysaccharide. Our results have shown that LicoC treatment represses nuclear factor-ÎșB (NF-ÎșB) translocation and several downstream molecules, such as inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1). Moreover, LicoC has upregulated the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) signaling pathway. Finally, 2-(4-Morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-1(4H)-benzopyran-4-one hydrochloride (LY294002), a specific PI3K inhibitor, blocked the protective effects of LicoC. These findings indicate that LicoC plays a pivotal role in cardiac dysfunction in sepsis-induced inflammation.The Italian Ministry for University and Research is acknowledged for financial support
Astaxanthin Treatment Reduced Oxidative Induced Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines Secretion in U937: SHP-1 as a Novel Biological Target
It has been suggested that oxidative stress activates various intracellular signaling pathways leading to secretion of a variety of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. SHP-1 is a protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) which acts as a negative regulator of immune cytokine signaling. However, intracellular hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), generated endogenously upon stimulation and exogenously from environmental oxidants, has been known to be involved in the process of intracellular signaling through inhibiting various PTPs, including SHP-1. In this study, we investigated the potential role of astaxanthin, an antioxidant marine carotenoid, in re-establishing SHP-1 negative regulation on pro-inflammatory cytokines secretion in U-937 cell line stimulated with oxidative stimulus. ELISA measurement suggested that ASTA treatment (10 ”M) reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines secretion (IL-1ÎČ, IL-6 and TNF-α) induced through H2O2, (100 ”M). Furthermore, this property is elicited by restoration of basal SHP-1 protein expression level and reduced NF-ÎșB (p65) nuclear expression, as showed by western blotting experiments
Utilization of the ability to induce activation of the nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like factor 2 (Nrf2) to assess potential cancer chemopreventive activity of liquorice samples
Introduction â Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like factor 2 (Nrf2) is a transcription factor that regulates expression of many detoxification enzymes. Nrf2-antioxidant responsive element (Nrf2-ARE) signalling pathway can be a target for cancer chemoprevention. Glycyrrhiza glabra, common name, âliquoriceâ, is used as a sweetening and flavouring agent, and traditionally, to treat various ailments, and implicated to chemoprevention. However, its chemopreventive property has not yet been scientifically substantiated.
Objective â To assess the ability of liquorice root samples to induce Nrf2 activation correlating to their potential chemopreventive property.
Methods â The ability of nine methanolic extracts of liquorice root samples, collected from various geographical origins, to induce Nrf2 activation was determined by the luciferase reporter assay using the ARE-reporter cell line, AREc32. The antioxidant properties were determined by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryhydrazyl (DPPH) and the ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays.
Results â All extracts exhibited free-radical-scavenging property (RC50 = 136.39-635.66 g/mL). The reducing capacity of ferrous ion was 214.46-465.59 M Fe(II)/g. Nrf2 activation indicated that all extracts induced expression of ARE-driven luciferase activity with a maximum induction of 2.3 fold relative to control. These activities varied for samples from one geographical location to another.
Conclusions â The present findings add to the existing knowledge of cancer chemoprevention by plant-derived extracts or purified phytochemicals, particularly the potential use of liquorice for this purpose
Marine Carotenoids and Cardiovascular Risk Markers
Marine carotenoids are important bioactive compounds with physiological activities related to prevention of degenerative diseases found principally in plants, with potential antioxidant biological properties deriving from their chemical structure and interaction with biological membranes. They are substances with very special and remarkable properties that no other groups of substances possess and that form the basis of their many, varied functions and actions in all kinds of living organisms. The potential beneficial effects of marine carotenoids have been studied particularly in astaxanthin and fucoxanthin as they are the major marine carotenoids. Both these two carotenoids show strong antioxidant activity attributed to quenching singlet oxygen and scavenging free radicals. The potential role of these carotenoids as dietary anti-oxidants has been suggested to be one of the main mechanisms for their preventive effects against cancer and inflammatory diseases. The aim of this short review is to examine the published studies concerning the use of the two marine carotenoids, astaxanthin and fucoxanthin, in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases
French Roadmap for complex Systems 2008-2009
This second issue of the French Complex Systems Roadmap is the outcome of the
Entretiens de Cargese 2008, an interdisciplinary brainstorming session
organized over one week in 2008, jointly by RNSC, ISC-PIF and IXXI. It
capitalizes on the first roadmap and gathers contributions of more than 70
scientists from major French institutions. The aim of this roadmap is to foster
the coordination of the complex systems community on focused topics and
questions, as well as to present contributions and challenges in the complex
systems sciences and complexity science to the public, political and industrial
spheres
Arguments of stability in the study of morphogenesis
Arguments of stability, intended in a wide sense, including the discussion of the conditions of the onset of instability and of stability changes, play a central role in the main theorizations of morphogenesis in 20th century theoretical biology. The aim of this essay is to shed light on concepts and images mobilizedin the construction of arguments of stability in theorizing morphogenesis, since they are pivotal in establishing meaningful relationships between mathematical models and empirical morphologies.Los argumentos de estabilidad, entendidos en sentido amplio, incluyendo la discusiĂłn de las condiciones del inicio de la inestabilidad y de los cambios de estabilidad, juegan un papel central en las principales teorizaciones de la morfogĂ©nesis en la biologĂa teĂłrica del siglo XX. El objetivo de este ensayo es arrojar luz sobre conceptos e imĂĄgenes implicados en la construcciĂłn de argumentos de estabilidad en la teorizaciĂłn de la morfogĂ©nesis, ya que estos resultan fundamentales para establecer relaciones significativas entre modelos matemĂĄticos y morfologĂas empĂricas
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